Definition: The classic and most widely studied gastric bypass procedure. It involves creating a small stomach pouch and rerouting the small intestine into a Y-shaped configuration.

Procedure Steps:

1. Anesthesia: General anesthesia.
2. Access: Performed laparoscopically.
3. Creating the Pouch: A small (about 30 ml) stomach pouch is created, completely separated from the rest of the stomach.
4. Rerouting (Roux-en-Y):

• The small intestine is divided.
• The lower end of the divided intestine (the “Roux limb”) is connected to the new stomach pouch.
• The upper section of the intestine (carrying bile and pancreatic juices) is reconnected to the Roux limb further down, creating the “Y” shape.

1. Closing: The incisions are closed.

Purpose / Benefits:

• Purpose: Combines restrictive and malabsorptive mechanisms for weight loss. It also causes favorable hormonal changes.
• Benefits:
• Gold standard for weight loss surgery with excellent long-term results.
• Very effective for resolving type 2 diabetes and acid reflux.
• The separated pouch prevents bile from flowing into the esophagus.